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MINISTERS’ DEPUTIES |
CM Documents |
CM(2018)140 |
2 October 2018[1] |
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1329th meeting, 14 November 2018 7 Education and Culture
7.1 Steering Committee for Culture, Heritage and Landscape (CDCPP) a. Abridged report of the 7th meeting (Strasbourg, 6-8 June 2018) b. Draft Recommendation CM/Rec(2018)… of the Committee of Ministers to member States contributing to the implementation of the European Landscape Convention: creation of public funds for landscape c. Draft Recommendation CM/Rec(2018)…: of the Committee of Ministers to member States on culture’s contribution to strengthening the internet as an emancipatory force Item to be considered by the GR-C at its meeting on 23 October 2018 |
Items for decision:
The Deputies are invited to:
- examine the following drafts, in view of their adoption:
· draft Recommendation CM/Rec(2018)… of the Committee of Ministers to member States on contributing to the implementation of the European Landscape Convention: creation of public funds for landscape (cf. Appendix II);
· draft Recommendation CM/Rec(2018)… of the Committee of Ministers to member States on culture’s contribution to strengthening the Internet as an emancipatory force” (cf. Appendix III);
- take note of the abridged report of the 7th meeting of the CDCPP as a whole.
1. Opening of the meeting
The meeting was opened by the Chair, Mr Kimmo Aulake (Finland), who welcomed the participants and gave an introduction to the Committee’s 2018 plenary session. The Director General of Democracy,
Ms Snežana Samardžić-Marković provided a contextual overview of the challenges the Organisation is currently facing that affect the work of the Committee.
The list of participants appears in the list of decisions prepared by the Department.
2. Adoption of the agenda
The CDCPP adopted the agenda of its 7th plenary session, as it appears in Appendix I, and thanked the Director General for her intervention.
3. General questions
3.1 Highlights of 2017 work
The CDCPP took note of the documents setting out the 2017 highlights and summarising achievements in the culture, heritage and landscape sectors.
3.2 Committee of Ministers’ decisions concerning the 2018-19 Programme and Budget and the work of the CDCPP
The CDCPP took note of the information provided and discussed possible scenarios to address the recent cuts affecting the sector. It expressed its interest in engaging more actively with the planning of future work, especially in the current restrained context, and also its wish for the Bureau to be closely involved.
3.3 State of implementation of the 2018-2019 work programme and calendar of meetings for 2018
The CDCPP took note of the information contained in the overview document on programme implementation and took note of its complementarity with the Committee’s terms of reference.
3.4 Bureau meeting reports
The CDCPP took note of the information contained in the two most recent Bureau meeting reports. It also acknowledged the reminder by the French delegate to provide interpretation for both working languages at meetings of the Bureau of the CDCPP.
4. Elections
The CDCPP elected:
- Ms Giuliana De FRANCESCO (Italy) as Chair of the Committee;
- Mr Levan KHARATISHVILI (Georgia) as Vice Chair of the Committee;
- four new members of the Bureau, as follows:
* Mr Terje Birkrem HOVLAND (Norway);
* Mr Alfredas JOMANTAS (Lithuania);
* Mr Peter MILADINOV (Bulgaria);
* Ms Flora VAN REGTEREN ALTENA (The Netherlands).
5. Fields of activity of the CDCPP
5.1 Landscape
National policies and international co-operation for the implementation of the European Landscape Convention
· State of signatures and ratifications
The CDCPP congratulated Estonia on ratifying the European Landscape Convention in February 2018 and invited member States that have not yet done so, to consider their accession to this Convention.
· Implementation of the work programme
Council of Europe Conferences on the European Landscape Convention
The CDCPP took note of the 10th Council of Europe Conference on the implementation of the European Landscape Convention, which will be held under the auspices of the Finnish Chairmanship of the Committee of Ministers, in Strasbourg, on 6-7 May 2019.
Council of Europe meetings for the implementation of the European Landscape Convention
The CDCPP took note of the results of the 19th meeting on “The implementation of the European Landscape Convention at local level: local democracy”, Brno, Czech Republic, 5-6 September 2017, held under the auspices of the Czech Chairmanship of the Committee of Ministers.
The CDCPP took note of the preparation of the following meetings: 21st meeting on “Landscape and education”, Tropea, Calabria, Italy, 3-5 October 2018; 22nd meeting on “Water, landscape and citizenship in the face of global change”, Seville, Spain, 14-16 March 2019; 23rd meeting on “Landscape integration in sectoral policies”, Switzerland, 19-21 October 2020 together with the Celebration of the 20th anniversary of the Convention at high level.
National/Regional Symposiums and Information Meetings on the implementation of the European Landscape Convention
The CDCPP took note of the results of the National Symposium in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Drawing landscape policies for the future, Trebinje, Bosnia and Herzegovina, 25-26 January 2018; and of the National Symposium in Georgia - Interministerial Round-Table: Integration of the landscape into policies, Tbilisi, Georgia, 9-10 March 2018;
The CDCPP took note of the proposals from: the representative of the Russian Federation, to hold an information meeting on the European Landscape Convention and other Council of Europe environmental texts; the representatives of Belarus, to hold an information meeting on the European Landscape Convention.
International Landscape Day of the Council of Europe
The second International Landscape Day of the Council of Europe will be held on 20 October 2018, under the auspices of the Croatian Chairmanship of the Committee of Ministers.
European Landscape Convention Information System
The CDCPP welcomed the progress made in the implementation of the European Landscape Convention and invited the corresponding National Representatives of the Council of Europe Information System on the European Landscape Convention, to complete or update the online questionnaire, with a view to the preparation of national reports for all States Parties to the Convention.
The CDCPP congratulated the representative of Hungary on her presentation of the Hungarian National Landscape Strategy for the period 2017-2026 (adopted by Government Decision 1128/2017 of 20 March 2017).
Council of Europe’s Landscape Award
The CDCPP took note of the 20th Council of Europe Meeting of the Workshops for the implementation of the European Landscape Convention “Council of Europe Landscape Award Forum of National Selections - 5th Session 2016-2017” and the celebration of the 5th session of the Landscape Award of the Council of Europe, in Daugavpils, Latvia, on 19-21 June 2018.
The CDCPP took note of the invitation to submit, by 30 January 2019, applications to the Secretariat of the Council of Europe, according to Resolution CM/Res(2008)3 on the rules governing the Landscape Award of the Council of Europe.
The CDCPP took note of the adoption by the Committee of Ministers, on 27 September 2017, of the Resolution CM/Res(2017)18 on the Landscape Award Alliance of the Council of Europe and of the Publication “Landscape Award Alliance of the Council of Europe”. Il also took note of the exhibition on the Landscape Award Alliance of the Council of Europe and of the online presentation (www.coe.int/en/web/landscape/landscape-award-alliance).
Promoting synergies on the themes of sustainable development (environment, society, economy and culture), democracy, human rights and rule of law
The CDCPP took note of the adoption of the Recommendation CM/Rec(2017)7 of the Committee of Ministers to member States on the contribution of the European Landscape Convention to the exercise of human rights and democracy, with a view to sustainable development and of the edition of the publication Council of Europe Landscape Convention: contribution to human rights, democracy and sustainable development (Council of Europe Publishing, 2018). It supported the work to promote synergies on the themes of sustainable development (environment, society, economy and culture), democracy, human rights and the rule of law in the framework of the work programme of the European Landscape Convention.
Contribution to the global debates on sustainable development (United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development) and habitat
The CDCPP took note of the continuation of the work to contribute to the global debates on sustainable development (United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development) and habitat.
Draft Recommendation contributing to the implementation of the European Landscape Convention: creation of public funds for landscape
The CDCPP examined and approved the above-mentioned draft Recommendation, as it appears in Appendix II to this report and decided to submit it to the Committee of Ministers for adoption.
5.2 Culture
Indicator Framework on Culture and Democracy (IFCD)
The CDCPP stressed the importance of, and expressed its support to, the IFCD as an evidence-based instrument that can help member States to maximise culture’s potential to effectively protect and promote democracy and, subsequently, give a tangible contribution to the realisation of the Council of Europe’s core values, whilst being aware of the complexities of statistical work, including aggregations and comparisons.
The CDCPP welcomed the work carried out on the IFCD, including the 2018 thematic report on Digitisation, Culture and Democracy. It advised on partnerships, co-operation and sponsorship opportunities, including with the European Union, for the IFCD and invited member States to make voluntary contributions to this innovative project.
5th Council of Europe Platform Exchange on Culture and Digitisation
The CDCPP thanked Mr Gerfried Stocker for the interesting presentation on Culture and Artificial Intelligence. It welcomed plans for the 2018 expert seminar on culture and artificial intelligence, thanked the Croatian authorities for hosting it as a Chairmanship event on 12-13 October in Rijeka, and welcomed the invitation to delegates to participate in the event. It took note of the information provided by the Croatian delegation on events being held under its Chairmanship of the Committee of Minsters of the Council of Europe.
The CDCPP underlined the pertinence for policy makers of the Committee’s work on culture and digitisation, including three recommendations of the Committee of Ministers to member States that derived from it and that contribute to promoting human rights, democracy and diversity online.
Association of the Compendium of Cultural Policies and Trends (CCPT)
The CDCPP took note of the positive development of the Association of the Compendium of Cultural Policies and Trends; of the forthcoming Assembly of the new Association in Rijeka, Croatia, 9-11 October 2018; and of the invitation to member States to actively consider joining and supporting the Association, if this is not already the case.
Cultural Policy Reviews
The CDCPP welcomed the development of a national cultural strategy for Albania and the forthcoming cultural policy peer review of Georgia. It underlined the pertinence of the Council of Europe’s technical assistance programme in the culture and heritage sector, offered in the form of policy peer reviews and legal advice to member States, and the need to adequately fund these activities through the Ordinary Budget of the Organisation.
Draft recommendation: Culture’s contribution to strengthening the Internet as an emancipatory force
The CDCPP examined, amended and reached preliminary consensus on the text of the draft Recommendation of the Committee of Ministers to member States on “Culture’s contribution to strengthening the Internet as an emancipatory force”, and its Appendix I. It decided to accommodate any additional amendments to its Appendix II (Glossary of terms) by written procedure and before 29 June 2018.[2]
5.3 Heritage
Strategy 21
The CDCPP welcomed the good progress made with the follow-up to Strategy 21 and the invitation to member States to promote the Strategy 21 website at national level, including by translating the promotional material into national languages and disseminating it at regional and local level. It agreed to provide good practices on the implementation of the Strategy to the Council of Europe Secretariat. The Committee noted the support offered by the Secretariat as regards the organisation of promotional events at national level. It invited the Secretariat to follow-up on the proposals made on the promotion of Strategy 21 including in the framework of enhanced co-operation with the European Union.
The Faro Convention Action Plan
The CDCPP took note of the progress made with the implementation of the Faro Convention Action Plan and expressed its support for activities foreseen in 2018/19. It welcomed the new Joint Programme with the European Union on promoting the Faro Convention in the framework of the European Year of Cultural Heritage.
Herein: IT system revision and project perspectives
The CDCPP took note of the progress made with the implementation of HEREIN activities and welcomed efforts at consolidating the project through enhanced national reports, country profiles and use of the collaborative work space. It invited the Secretariat to step up communication with the national coordinators and to try to arrange for a meeting of Coordinators in 2018.
Council of Europe Convention on Offences relating to Cultural Property
The CDCPP encouraged member States to support the promotion of the Convention on Offences relating to Cultural Property, and invited them to accede to this new instrument.
European Heritage Days
The CDCPP took note of the progress made with the implementation of the European Heritage Days and expressed its full support to the EHD 2017-2020 Strategy. It welcomed the reinforcement of the programme in the framework of the European Year of Cultural Heritage and beyond.
The European Year of Cultural Heritage 2018
The CDCPP welcomed the celebration of the European Year of Cultural Heritage and the Council of Europe’s contribution to it, including by means of Joint Programmes with the European Union in the heritage sector.
6. Information concerning other Council of Europe activities in the fields of culture, cultural heritage and landscape
Enlarged Partial Agreement on Cultural Routes
The CDCPP took note of the progress made on the EPA Cultural Routes and the celebration of the 30th anniversary of this flagship project of the Council of Europe. It thanked the Government of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg for its substantial and constant support to the Programme, as well as the European Institute of Cultural Routes of the Council of Europe for the work accomplished.
European and Mediterranean Major Hazards Agreement (EUR-OPA)
The CDCPP took note of the publication “Cultural heritage facing climate change; experiences and ideas for resilience and adaptation” and the heritage-related work being undertaken by EUR-OPA.
Conference of INGOs of the Council of Europe
The CDCPP took note of the activities of the Culture and Education group of the Conference of INGOs and related invitations to attend events.
7. Outlook on future work in 2018-2019
See under agenda item 3.2.
8. Any other business
The CDCPP took note of the information provided by the delegate from Azerbaijan on the 10th anniversary of the Baku process on intercultural dialogue. It also noted the proposals made by the delegate of the Russian Federation: to produce an overview of the Council of Europe’s co-operation with other international organisations in the CDCPP’s fields of action and to add a point for information to future CDCPP agendas in order for member States to exchange on their latest relevant developments (policy changes, challenges, priorities and best practices).
The CDCPP noted the information provided by the delegate of Lithuania on a meeting planned for
12-13 October 2018 in Kaunas organised in the framework of the European Year of Cultural Heritage, as well as forthcoming events taking place in relation to the 100th anniversary of Lithuania. It also took note of the information provided by the delegate of Romania on forthcoming activities in the culture-heritage field.
9. Dates of the next meetings
The CDCPP agreed to hold its next Bureau meeting in early November 2018 and postponed decisions on the date for the 8th plenary session in Strasbourg to a later stage.
10. Adoption of the list of decisions
The CDCPP accepted to adopt the list of decisions by written procedure and noted that the Secretariat would make the draft list available in due course in week 24.
Appendix I: Agenda
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1. |
Opening of the meeting by the Chair |
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2. |
Adoption of the agenda |
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3. |
General questions |
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3.1 |
Highlights of 2017 work |
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3.2 |
Committee of Ministers’ decisions concerning the 2018-2019 Programme and Budget and the work of the CDCPP |
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3.3 |
State of implementation of the 2018-2019 work programme and calendar of meetings for 2018 |
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3.4 |
Bureau meeting reports |
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4. |
Elections |
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5. |
Fields of activity of the CDCPP |
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5.1 |
Landscape National policies and international co-operation for the implementation of the European Landscape Convention - Report of activities May 2017- June 2018 and Work Programme and Action Plan for the implementation of the European Landscape Convention 2017-2019 Draft Recommendation contributing to the implementation of the European Landscape Convention: creation of public funds for landscape |
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5.2 |
Culture Indicator Framework on Culture and Democracy; Draft Recommendation: Culture’s contribution to strengthening the Internet as an emancipatory force 2nd Thematic Report on Culture and Democracy |
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5.3 |
Heritage Strategy 21; Faro Convention Action Plan; HEREIN; Council of Europe Convention on Offences relating to Cultural Property; European Heritage Days; European Cultural Heritage Year 2018 |
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6. |
Information concerning other Council of Europe activities in the fields of culture, cultural heritage and landscape · Enlarged Partial Agreement on Cultural Routes · European and Mediterranean Major Hazards Agreement (EUR-OPA) |
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7. |
Outlook on future work in 2018-2019 |
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8. |
Any other business |
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9. |
Dates of the next meetings |
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10. |
Adoption of the list of decisions |
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11. |
Close of the meeting |
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Appendix II
Draft Recommendation CM/Rec(2018)…
of the Committee of Ministers to member States on contributing to the implementation of
the European Landscape Convention of the Council of Europe:
creation of public funds for landscape
(Adopted by the Committee of Ministers on .. … 2018,
at the … meeting of the Ministers’ Deputies)
The Committee of Ministers,
Considering that the aim of the Council of Europe is to achieve a greater unity between its members for the purpose of safeguarding and realising the ideals and principles which are their common heritage;
Having regard to the European Landscape Convention (ETS No. 176), which states that “the landscape is an important part of the quality of life for people everywhere: in urban areas and in the countryside, in degraded areas as well as in areas of high quality, in areas recognised as being of outstanding beauty as well as everyday areas”;
Recalling the text of its preamble, according to which “the landscape has an important public interest role in the cultural, ecological, environmental and social fields, and constitutes a resource favourable to economic activity and whose protection, management and planning can contribute to job creation”;
Considering that Article 6.E of the Convention, relating to specific measures to put landscape policies into effect, states that “each Party undertakes to introduce instruments aimed at protecting, managing and/or planning the landscape”;
Referring to the provisions of Recommendation CM/Rec(2008)3 of the Committee of Ministers to member states on the guidelines for the implementation of the European Landscape Convention, concerning means of intervention and instruments used (resources and financing) to implement the Convention;
Noting the importance of introducing instruments that may contribute to protecting, managing or planning the landscape;
Noting that national and/or regional public landscape funds (hereinafter “the funds”) are instruments that may provide consultancy, technical assistance and funding for projects aimed at improving landscape quality;
Wishing to encourage the setting up of such funds,
Recommends that the States Parties to the European Landscape Convention:
a. consider the creation or reinforcement, as appropriate, of legally regulated funds – whether national or regional – assigning them public law status;
b. encourage support from, and participation of, different ministries or departments in the creation and supervision of the use of these funds;
c. finance these funds through public or private funding or any other source (taxes on tourism or other activities, levies linked to public works, etc.);
d. provide, through these funds, direct incentives (full or partial financing) or indirect incentives (consultancy and technical assistance) for the implementation and supervision of projects aimed at protecting, managing or planning landscape, to improve the quality of life for people;
e. encourage the creation of partnerships in the implementation of projects favouring quality landscapes;
f. raise the awareness of the public, local and regional authorities and other players (notably via the media), about the challenges of the projects supported by these funds;
Calls on the Parties to the Convention concerned to inform the other parties, in the framework of the Council of Europe Information System on the European Landscape Convention, about experiences in this domain.
Appendix III
Draft Recommendation CM/Rec(2018) …
of the Committee of Ministers to member States on culture’s contribution to strengthening the internet as an emancipatory force
(Adopted by the Committee of Ministers on … 2018,
at the … meeting of the Ministers’ Deputies)
The Committee of Ministers, under the terms of Article 15.b of the Statute of the Council of Europe,
Considering that the aim of the Council of Europe is to achieve greater unity between its members for the purpose of safeguarding and realising the ideals and principles which are their common heritage;
Acknowledging the potential of the internet and digital media to contribute to the achievement of these ideals;
Conscious, however, that some of the most recent developments in the internet and digital media are currently undermining these ideals and principles, in particular the often covert profiling of citizens by internet platforms and false or misleading information;
Aware that such developments in the internet and digital media are widely perceived as influencing, inter alia, political opinion, election results and prosumer behaviour, and threatening the respect for diversity and tolerance that are the hallmarks of democracy and peaceful societies;
Recalling the Council of Europe’s Indicator Framework on Culture and Democracy that demonstrates culture’s crucial role in developing well-rounded, competent, tolerant and democratically able citizens, by exposing them to diverse knowledge and a variety of influences and experiences;
Acknowledging that this exposure enables citizens to make cognitive connections, gain insights and innovate in ways that are of benefit to democracies and that might, without arts, culture and creativity, remain beyond citizens’ range of vision or comprehension;
Conscious that culture can only fulfil this crucial role if all citizens have a genuine open and democratic access to a culture that fosters their active participation, and that the internet and other digital tools facilitate this type of open and democratic cultural access;
Recognising that the internet and digital media have become part of the shared public space for culture, which should be supported by solid cultural policy aims;
Recalling also the Final Statement of the 10th Council of Europe Conference of Ministers of Culture (Moscow, 15-16 April 2013), which highlighted the digital revolution as “crucial to the viability of creation and cultural diversity”;
Stressing that a human rights approach is required for all policies on culture, including those which address the digital shift. This is to give full effect to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ETS No. 5), as interpreted by the European Court of Human Rights and as referred to by the Committee of Ministers in its Recommendation CM/Rec(2016)2 to member States on the internet of citizens and its Recommendation CM/Rec(2017)8 to member States on Big Data for culture, literacy and democracy for subsequent follow-up by member States;
Recalling the 4th Council of Europe Platform Exchange on Culture and Digitisation, held in Karlsruhe on 19 and 20 October 2017, which highlighted the internet and digital tools as openly accessible creative spaces for enabling culturally, democratically competent and tech savvy citizens, who are critically aware and can stand against the threats of populist propaganda, false or misleading information and hate speech; and which recognised that a paradigm shift towards a more public-sector-driven development of digital culture could facilitate this aim,
Recommends that governments of the member States:
- draw on culture and cultural players as vital elements for strengthening the internet and digital media as democratic and emancipatory forces, underpinned by respect for human rights, diversity, pluralism, transparency, reliability, independence, tolerance, inclusion, gender equality and solidarity;
- enlarge the scope of critical digital media and information literacy programmes in the education and lifelong learning of children, young people and adults to boost their creative talent and make use of it in order to be able to rise to the challenges to democracy in the digital era;
- capitalise on the know-how of Council of Europe platforms and other related institutions in order to take advantage of Europe’s cultural and linguistic diversity by promoting intercultural dialogue and exchanging best practices on the use, reuse, innovative creation and diffusion of cultural content, both online and offline;
- when preparing guidelines or measures to counter false or misleading information and hate speech, take into account the capacity of culture to act as a catalyst for shaping and promoting informed citizenship online and make use of relevant European and other international standards and strategies in this connection;
- bring this Recommendation, and the appended guidelines, to the attention of all relevant stakeholders to enable them to take the measures necessary to contribute to its implementation.
Appendix I to Recommendation CM/Rec(2018)…
Guidelines on culture’s contribution to strengthening the internet as an emancipatory force
Draw on culture, cultural players and public sector cultural programmes as vital elements for strengthening the Internet and digital media as democratic and emancipatory forces
Member States are encouraged to recognise that the internet and digital media have become part of the shared public space for new forms of culture, increasing the accessibility and exchange of cultural offerings and activities, including those of public service cultural actors and institutions, and allowing citizens to benefit from them in greater numbers. Member States should specifically:
a. highlight the importance and public service and public interest value of the internet in cultural policy making;
b. strengthen the presence of creators and providers of cultural content on the internet to help them engage with citizens and facilitate access to cultural content;
c. support the providers of cultural infrastructures in their efforts to promote digital co-creation and co-production, mindful of the need to protect intellectual property;
d. develop the provision of materials from libraries and archives on the internet, in particular to promote and facilitate the search for diverse and pluralistic information and knowledge, according to legislation applying in the different countries;
e. promote and facilitate the use of open-source tools, commons and related open working methodologies for cultural and research activities by citizens and by public sector and public service actors and institutions;
f. highlight the crucial role of culture and education in debates on the regulation of private digital platforms;
g. encourage independent actors to provide citizens with reliable platforms for checking the source, validity and authorship of digital content of uncertain origin;
h. ensure copyright protection in the digital environment in which authors can develop their creativity in a safe and equitable manner.
Educate citizens to be culturally and democratically savvy and creative
Member States should use digital culture and arts as a means of fostering digitally and democratically competent and creative citizens. Member States should specifically:
a. highlight in policy documents and related strategy action plans the importance of stimulating creativity and its associated competences of entrepreneurship, innovative thinking and problem-solving skills in citizens, emphasising their role as a means of fulfilment, intellectual and social development and economic prosperity;
b. include critical digital media and information literacy training and design-thinking methods as core subjects in formal and informal education, and ensure their adequate financing as well as the training of educators who are able to teach these new skills in line with technological developments, also by taking into account intellectual property rights, privacy and data protection;
c. encourage cultural institutions to co-operate and establish synergies with educational institutions to create digital learning opportunities for citizens by creating incentives that recognise institutions for their co-operation;
d. encourage cultural and educational institutions to include the internet and digital tools as an integral part of their arts and cultural programmes with a view to fostering citizens’ critical thinking and tolerance of different viewpoints;
e. encourage cultural institutions to be “pressure-free” spaces for creative learning, in particular to facilitate the experimental use of technology and to support e-culture and new media arts;
f. support and promote new forms of digital culture and heritage in public cultural programmes.
Appendix II to Recommendation CM/Rec(2018)..
Glossary of terms (with specific implications for the purposes of this Recommendation)
Co-creation
Use of the imagination, spirit of invention and innovation of consumers of arts and culture to build on the work of other cultural creators or to collaborate through these skills with other citizens to create works of art and culture.
Commons
The commons in a cultural context are cultural resources in the public domain, free from copyright restrictions and accessible to everyone to build upon and to share. They are distinct from cultural products that are privately owned, copyrighted and require explicit permission (and frequently payment) to use. An example would be the works released under the CC0 (Creative Commons Zero) “no rights reserved” licence which allows licensors to waive all rights and place a work in the public domain.
Co-production
Co-production is the process by which more than one person assembles the raw materials required to produce something new. It is the stage that follows creation and design.
Critical digital media and information literacy
New teaching and learning methods for consolidating and improving technical computer and digital skills in combination with research, processing and critical analysis of information and creative personal development.
Design-thinking
The use of creative plans of action and strategies during the design process.
E-culture
E-culture is the production and consumption of arts and culture through digital media technologies.
Internet of citizens
The internet of citizens promotes the human and cultural dimension of the internet and complements the internet of things. It is a new notion which calls for a people-centred approach to the internet, in particular to empower everyone who uses and relies upon it for their everyday activities. The term “citizens” is used here in a general sense, meaning people or persons, and not in any legal sense.
New media arts
Artwork created using new media technologies such as digital art, computer graphics, computer animation, virtual art, 3D printing and cyborg art.
Open-source tools
Digital tools written in open code which is available to anyone to use and to alter.
“Pressure-free”
Without obligations, restrictions or stressful circumstances.
Prosumer
A fusion of producer and consumer, it refers to the blurring and merging of these roles in the digital world. Processes like crowdsourcing and crowdfunding help to develop goods where the consumer is involved in the design or benefits from specificities of the creation, thus being less passive and more creative.