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Action against Trafficking in Human Beings www.coe.int/trafficking
Action against Trafficking in Human Beings
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Newsletter October - December 2025
NEW REPORTS
GRETA publishes its fourth report on Denmark
GRETA publishes its fourth report on Denmark
STRASBOURG, 1 DECEMBER 2025

GRETA’s fourth report on Denmark, covering the period 2021-2025, focuses on the measures taken to prevent vulnerabilities to trafficking in human beings, detect and support vulnerable victims, and punish offenders. The report welcomes Denmark’s strengthened legislative framework and the increased funding for the implementation of the 6th National Action Plan for Combating Trafficking in Human Beings.  However, it calls upon the Danish authorities to step up efforts to identify victims of trafficking, in particular among third-country nationals who might be staying irregularly in Denmark as a direct consequence of having been trafficked, improve victims’ access to compensation and provide safe and suitable accommodation for male victims.

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GRETA publishes its fourth report on Romania
GRETA publishes its fourth report on Romania
STRASBOURG, 12 NOVEMBER 2025

GRETA’s fourth report on Romania, covering the period 2020-2024, welcomes the recent legislative reforms, the adoption of a new National Anti-Trafficking Strategy and steps to strengthen the identification of victims and combat online exploitation. However, the report highlights serious gaps in protecting persons with disabilities living in residential centres. It also expresses concern about the risks of trafficking faced by the increasing number of migrant workers.

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GRETA publishes its fourth report on Romania
GRETA publishes its fourth report on Montenegro
STRASBOURG, 3 NOVEMBER 2025

GRETA’s fourth report on Montenegro, covering the period 2021-2025, welcomes the efforts to strengthen the legislative framework, improve victim identification and open a state shelter for child victims of trafficking. However, the report stresses the need to ensure  effective access to compensation for victims of trafficking and the systematic granting of a recovery and reflection period to presumed foreign victims.

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GRETA publishes its fourth report on Georgia
GRETA publishes its fourth report on Georgia
STRASBOURG, 20 OCTOBER 2025

In its latest report on Georgia, covering the period 2020-2024, GRETA welcomes the regular adoption of anti-trafficking national action plans, the amendments to the Law on Combating Trafficking in Human Beings and the opening of the third state shelter for victims of trafficking. However, further efforts are needed to ensure effective victim identification and access to compensation, as well as to ensure the punishment of perpetrators.

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GRETA publishes its fourth report on Georgia
GRETA publishes its fourth report on Bulgaria
STRASBOURG, 9 OCTOBER 2025

GRETA’s fourth report on Bulgaria, covering the period 2020-2024, welcomes increased funding for victim assistance and legislative changes to strengthen the prevention of exploitation of asylum seekers, refugees and migrant workers. However, the report underscores gaps in victim identification, assistance and access to legal aid and compensation. Further, it recommends measures to prevent trafficking and exploitation of migrant workers.

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GRETA EVALUATION VISITS
GRETA carries out fourth evaluation visit to Slovenia
GRETA carries out fourth evaluation visit to Slovenia
A delegation of GRETA carried out an evaluation visit to Slovenia from 16 to 19 December 2025, as part of the fourth evaluation round of the Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings. In addition to the thematic focus of the fourth evaluation round on vulnerabilities to human trafficking,  GRETA reviewed the implementation of recommendations from its third evaluation report on Slovenia. The delegation met government officials, parliamentarians, judicial authorities, civil society actors, international organisations, and visited an asylum reception centre for unaccompanied and separated children and an immigration detention centre in  Postojna.
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GRETA carries out fourth evaluation visit to Serbia
GRETA carries out fourth evaluation visit to Serbia
1-5 DECEMBER 2025

A delegation of GRETA carried out an evaluation visit to Serbia from 1 to 5 December 2025, as part of the fourth evaluation round of the Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings. In addition to the thematic focus of the fourth evaluation round, GRETA reviewed the implementation of recommendations from its third evaluation round report on Serbia. In addition to holding meetings in Belgrade, the GRETA delegation travelled to Novi Sad where it met members of the local anti-trafficking team and visited a safe house which assists victims of human trafficking.

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GRETA carries out fourth evaluation visit to Serbia
GRETA carries out fourth evaluation visit to Ireland
2-6 JUNE 2025

A delegation of GRETA carried out an evaluation visit to Ireland from 1 to 5 December 2025, as part of the fourth evaluation round of the Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings.
GRETA’s delegation met with Mr Jim O'Callaghan, Minister for Justice, and officials from a range of government departments and agencies. Consultations were also held with Mr Liam Herrick, Chief Commissioner of the Irish Human Rights and Equality Commission, which is Ireland’s National Rapporteur on Trafficking in Human Beings.
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GRETA carries out fourth evaluation visit to North Macedonia
GRETA carries out fourth evaluation visit to North Macedonia
1-5 DECEMBER 2025

A delegation of GRETA carried out an evaluation visit to France from 1 to 5 December 2025, as part of the fourth evaluation round of the Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings.
Alongside the thematic focus of the fourth evaluation round, GRETA reviewed the implementation of recommendations from its third report on North Macedonia. Meetings were held with government officials, NGOs, lawyers and international organisations. The visit also provided an opportunity to meet members of the mobile teams for the identification of vulnerable persons in Skopje, Tetovo and Gevgelija.

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GRETA carries out fourth evaluation visit to North Macedonia
​​​​​​​GRETA carries out fourth evaluation visit to Belgium
3-7 NOVEMBER 2025

A delegation of GRETA carried out an evaluation visit to Belgium from 3 to 7 November 2025, as part of the fourth evaluation round of the Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings.
In addition to the thematic focus of the fourth evaluation, GRETA reviewed the implementation of recommendations from its third report on Belgium. Meetings were held with government officials, NGOs, lawyers and international organisations. Further, the delegation travelled to Ghent, where it met with investigators, labour inspectors and magistrates specialising in human trafficking cases.

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MEETINGS
37th meeting of the Committee of the Parties
37th meeting of the Committee of the Parties
STRASBOURG, 20 JUNE 2025

The 37th meeting of the Committee of the Parties to the Council of Europe Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings took place on 18 December 2025, in Strasbourg and online. On the basis of GRETA’s fourth round evaluation reports, the Committee adopted recommendations concerning Bulgaria, Denmark, Georgia, Montenegro and Romania.

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GRETA holds its 55th plenary meeting
GRETA holds its 55th plenary meeting
STRASBOURG, 17-21 NOVEMBER 2025

The 55th plenary meeting of GRETA  took place from 17 to 21 November 2025, in Strasbourg. GRETA adopted final reports on Latvia, Malta and the United Kingdom, and approved draft reports on Armenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, France, Norway and Portugal as part of the fourth evaluation round of the Council of Europe Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings.
During the meeting, GRETA also adopted the programme and list of rapporteurs for evaluation visits in 2026.

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EUROPEAN ANTI-TRAFFICKING DAY
Human trafficking is not only a grave violation of human rights but also a threat to democracy itself, say Council of Europe experts
Human trafficking is not only a grave violation of human rights but also a threat to democracy itself, say Council of Europe experts
STRASBOURG, 17 OCTOBER 2025
On the eve of the European Anti-Trafficking Day, GRETA GRETA emphasized that human trafficking is not only a grave violation of human rights but also a threat to democracy itself, and called on states to renew their commitment through concrete and effective actions.
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IMPLEMENTATION OF GRETA'S RECOMMENDATIONS
Round-table meeting to discuss Hungary's progress in combating human trafficking
Round-table meeting to discuss Hungary's progress in combating human trafficking
BUDAPEST, 13 NOVEMBER 2025
Some 30 representatives of Hungarian government agencies and civil society met in Budapest on 13 November 2025 to discuss the implementation of the Council of Europe Convention on Action against trafficking in Human Beings, based on GRETA's  third evaluation report and the related Committee of the Parties’ recommendation. Discussions focused on victims’ access to legal assistance, free legal aid and compensation, the criminal justice response to human trafficking, victim identification and provision of assistance, and access to a recovery and reflection period and residence permits.
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NETWORK OF SPECIALISED LAWYERS AND NGOs
Sixth meeting of the Council of Europe Network of specialised lawyers and NGOs providing legal assistance to victims of human trafficking
Sixth meeting of the Council of Europe Network of specialised lawyers and NGOs providing legal assistance to victims of human trafficking
STRASBOURG, 3-4 NOVEMBER 2025
Some 44 members of the Council of Europe Network of specialised lawyers and NGOs providing legal assistance to victims of human trafficking met in Strasbourg on 3-4 November 2025. Participants discussed the application of Article 14 (residence permits) of the Council of Europe Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings, issues around the misclassification of cases of trafficking in human beings, the use of open-source investigations to support legal practice, and ways to step up the private sector’s role in preventing and combating trafficking.
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CAPACITY BUILDING AND CO-OPERATION PROJECTS

In Austria, the joint Council of Europe/EU project “Improving the support services for child victims of trafficking in Austria” (2025-2026) produced an inception report and a situation analysis based on interviews with national stakeholders. Findings were presented to the Federal Chancellery’s working group on child trafficking.

In Bosnia and Herzegovina, the project “Strengthening access to justice and effective legal remedies for trafficking victims” focused to strengthening capacities and providing guidance on access to compensation for victims of human trafficking, including the issuance of a new practical guide and a study visit to the Netherlands. Further, a meeting was held between the authorities and civil society from Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia on child trafficking for the purpose of forced begging. The project also provided three grants to NGOs for the purposes of survivor support, promoting online safety and professional certification.

In North Macedonia, the project “Strengthening anti-trafficking action in North Macedonia” organised a simulation-based training promoting a victim-centred approach in the investigation, prosecution and adjudication of human trafficking cases. Featuring a moot trial based on a human trafficking case scenario, the training was provided to 70 professionals, strengthening multi-agency cooperation. Further, journalists and communication officers sharpened their skills in ethical and gender-sensitive reporting on human trafficking cases during a capacity-building training organised in cooperation with the Association of Journalists and the International Centre for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD).

In Serbia, the project “Strengthening anti-trafficking action in Serbia” organised a round-table focused on improving the practical application of the Law on Free Legal Aid. A two-day seminar dedicated to strengthening multi-sectoral co-operation in detecting and protecting victims of human trafficking for the purpose of labour exploitation was held on 17-18 November 2026 in Belgrade. Further, a tool to protect survivors’ psychological well-being during court proceedings was published.

Upcoming
  • Round-table meeting on the follow-up given to the recommendations made by GRETA and the Committee of the Parties in Germany| 25 February 2026
  • GRETA's 56th plenary meeting | 2-6 March 2026
  • Round-table meeting on the follow-up given to the recommendations made by GRETA and the Committee of the Parties in Andorra| 10 March 2026
  • Round-table meeting on the follow-up given to the recommendations made by GRETA and the Committee of the Parties in Finland| 19 March 2026
  • GRETA's third evaluation visit to Greece | 16-20 March 2026
  • GRETA’s fourth evaluation visit to Poland | 30 March – 3 April 2026
  • Round-table meeting on the follow-up given to the recommendations made by GRETA and the Committee of the Parties in Italy | 16 April 2026
 
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