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Action against Trafficking in Human Beings www.coe.int/trafficking
Action against Trafficking in Human Beings
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Newsletter September - December 2023
New Year Message
New Year Message
Looking back on the past year, we wish to thank all our partners across public agencies, international organisations and civil society for supporting the Council of Europe efforts on combating trafficking in human beings. We look forward to continuing our common mission in 2024.
Together, let’s make it a good one, without any fear!
GRETA holds its 49th plenary meeting
GRETA holds its 49th plenary meeting
STRASBOURG, 13 - 17 NOVEMBER 2023

The Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings (GRETA) held its 49th plenary meeting from 13 to 17 November 2023 in Strasbourg, France. GRETA adopted final reports on Andorra, Hungary, Italy and Lithuania, as part of the third evaluation round of the implementation of the Council of Europe Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings. Furthermore, GRETA approved draft third round reports on Finland, Germany, Monaco and Switzerland. GRETA members also decided to prepare a guidance note on Article 13 of the Anti-Trafficking Convention (recovery and reflection period). Further, on 15 November, GRETA held an exchange of views with Ms Anita Danka, Advance-level Fundamental Rights Monitor, Head of the Legal Team of the Fundamental Rights Office of Frontex, and other representatives of that office.

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33rd meeting of the Committee of the Parties to the Council of Europe Anti-Trafficking Convention
33rd meeting of the Committee of the Parties to the Council of Europe Anti-Trafficking Convention
STRASBOURG, 15 DECEMBER 2023

The 33rd meeting of the Committee of the Parties to the Council of Europe Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings took place on 15 December 2023, in Strasbourg and online. During the meeting, on the basis of GRETA’s reports, the Committee adopted recommendations addressed to the authorities of Icelandthe Netherlands and Sweden (3rd evaluation round). The Committee also considered the report submitted by Belarus on measures taken to comply with the Committee’s recommendation of 25 November 2022, issued on the basis of GRETA’s second report concerning the implementation of the Convention by Belarus.

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4th meeting of the Council of Europe network of specialised lawyers and NGOs providing legal assistance to victims of human trafficking
4th meeting of the Council of Europe network of specialised lawyers and NGOs providing legal assistance to victims of human trafficking
26 - 27 OCTOBER 2023

The Anti-Trafficking Division of the Council of Europe organised a meeting of the network of specialised lawyers and NGOs providing legal assistance to victims of human trafficking. The event brought together more than 40 participants from 23 states parties to the Council of Europe Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings. The discussions focused on protecting the rights of victims of trafficking in human beings for the purpose of labour exploitation, the implementation of the non-punishment provision, the linkages between trafficking in human beings and information and communication technologies, victims' access to compensation, as well as issues related to the protection of victims and witnesses of human trafficking. Participants were also informed of developments in the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights related to human trafficking

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ECHR <br> European Court of Human Rights affirms the right of victims of sex trafficking to seek compensation from their traffickers in respect of lost earnings
ECHR
European Court of Human Rights affirms the right of victims of sex trafficking to seek compensation from their traffickers in respect of lost earnings
STRASBOURG, 30 NOVEMBER 2023

In its judgment in the case of Krachunova v. Bulgaria (application no. 18269/18), delivered on 28 November 2023, the European Court of Human Rights found that Article 4 of the European Convention on Human Rights lays down a positive obligation to enable victims of human trafficking to claim compensation from their traffickers in respect of lost earnings.
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ECHR <br> European Court of Human Rights affirms the right of victims of sex trafficking to seek compensation from their traffickers in respect of lost earnings
ANTI-TRAFFICKING DAY
Council of Europe expert group calls for preventing human trafficking risks exacerbated in the context of migration
18 OCTOBER 2023

On the occasion of European Anti-Trafficking Day (18 October), the Council of Europe’s Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings (GRETA) has warned of the increased risk of human trafficking created by restrictive immigration policies and failure to address the vulnerabilities of migrants and asylum seekers.
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NEW REPORTS AVAILABLE
GRETA publishes its third report on Sweden
GRETA publishes its third report on Sweden
STRASBOURG, 19 OCTOBER 2023

In its third report on Sweden, GRETA welcomes changes made to the legislative and institutional framework for combating human trafficking, including the increased number of specialised prosecutors and the existence of anti-trafficking units in the police.
However, GRETA urges Sweden to take further steps to improve the identification of victims of trafficking in human beings, including by ensuring that the formal identification of victims of trafficking is not made conditional on their co-operation in the investigation and criminal proceedings.

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GRETA publishes its third report on Sweden
GRETA publishes its third report on Iceland
STRASBOURG, 26 OCTOBER 2023

In its third report on Iceland,   GRETA welcomes progress made in several areas, such as the amendment of the provision criminalising human trafficking, the adoption of the third National Action Plan for Combating Trafficking in Human Beings, and the setting up of a police advisory group on human trafficking.

However, GRETA urges Iceland to take further steps to improve the identification of victims of trafficking by setting up a formalised National Referral Mechanism which defines the procedures and roles of all frontline actors who may come into contact with victims of trafficking.

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GRETA publishes its third report on The Netherlands
GRETA publishes its third report on The Netherlands
STRASBOURG, 9 NOVEMBER 2023

In its third report on the Netherlands, GRETA urges the authorities to take specific measures to tackle trafficking for labour exploitation and to protect child victims of trafficking.

The report highlights a number of positive developments since GRETA’s last evaluation of the Netherlands in 2018. Relevant national laws and policies have continued to develop, funding for specialised bodies has increased and most municipalities have adopted anti-trafficking policies.
However, GRETA expresses concern about the decreasing number of investigations, prosecutions and convictions for human trafficking, in particular for labour exploitation, and the length of criminal proceedings in trafficking cases.
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GRETA EVALUATION VISITS
GRETA carries out second evaluation visit to Türkiye
GRETA carries out second evaluation visit to Türkiye
TÜRKIYE, 18 - 22 SEPTEMBER 2023

A delegation of the Council of Europe’s Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings (GRETA) carried out an evaluation visit to Türkiye on 18-22 September 2023 as part of the second evaluation round of the Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings. During the visit, the GRETA delegation held consultations with representatives of the Presidency of Migration Management and its Department of Protection of Victims of Human Trafficking, the National Police, the Gendarmerie General Command, the Coast Guard Command, the Ministry of Justice, the Ministry of Family and Social Services, the Ministry of Labour and Social Security, the Ministry of National Education, the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and the Ministry of Treasury and Finance.
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GRETA carries out second evaluation visit to Türkiye
GRETA carries out first evaluation visit to Aruba
ARUBA, 24 - 27 OCTOBER 2023

A delegation of the Council of Europe's Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings (GRETA) carried out an evaluation visit to Aruba from 24 to 27 October 2023. This was the first GRETA visit to Aruba, following the 2015 declaration by the Kingdom of the Netherlands that it accepts the Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings for Aruba.
The GRETA delegation held consultations with Ms Jeannette Richardson-Baars, National Co-ordinator on Human Trafficking and Migrant Smuggling, as well as with officials from the Ministry of Justice and Social Affairs, the Ministry of Labour, Integration and Energy, the Ministry of Public Health and Tourism, and the Ministry of General Affairs, Innovation, Government, Infrastructure and Planning.
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GRETA carries out second evaluation visit to the Czech Republic
GRETA carries out second evaluation visit to the Czech Republic
CZECH REPUBLIC, 30 OCTOBER - 3 NOVEMBER 2023

A delegation of the Council of Europe's Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings (GRETA) carried out an evaluation visit to the Czech Republic on 30 October - 3 November 2023 as part of the second evaluation round of the Convention.
During the visit, the GRETA delegation held consultations with officials from the Ministry of Justice,  the Ministry of the Interior, the Police Presidium, the Ministry for Social and Labour Affairs (including the State Labour Inspection Office), the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport, the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the Ministry of Transportation, the Government Council for Roma Minority Affairs, and the Government Council for Human Rights.

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GRETA carries out second evaluation visit to the Czech Republic
GRETA carries out fourth evaluation visit to Cyprus
CYPRUS,4 - 7 DECEMBER 2023

A delegation of the Council of Europe's Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings (GRETA) carried out an evaluation visit to Cyprus on 4-7 December 2023, as part of the fourth evaluation round of the Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings.

This was the first visit carried out by GRETA under the fourth evaluation round of monitoring the implementation of the Convention, which focuses on vulnerabilities to human trafficking and measures taken by States Parties to prevent them, detect and support vulnerable victims, and punish the offenders. This includes the use of information and communication technology (ICT), which brings structural changes to the way offenders operate and exacerbates existing vulnerabilities. 

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GRETA carries out fourth evalution visit to Austria
GRETA carries out fourth evalution visit to Austria
AUSTRIA, 11 - 14 DECEMBER 2023

A delegation of the Council of Europe's Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings (GRETA) carried out an evaluation visit to Austria on 11-14 December 2023. This was the second visit carried out by GRETA under the fourth evaluation round of monitoring the implementation of the Convention.
During the visit, the GRETA delegation met the National Anti-trafficking Co-ordinator, Ambassador Georg Stillfried, and members of the Austrian Task Force on Combating Human Trafficking.

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GRETA carries out fourth evalution visit to Austria
GRETA carries out third evalution visit to San Marino
SAN MARINO, 18 - 20 DECEMBER 2023

A GRETA delegation carried out an evaluation visit to San Marino from 18 to 20 December 2023, as part of the third evaluation round of the Convention. The delegation met with Ministers and officials of National Authorities, as well as representatives of the Parliament of San Marino. Consultations were held with representatives of the judiciary, of trade unions and of the Lawyers and Notaries Association.
The delegation visited a counselling centre for women victims of domestic violence, a shelter for unaccompanied children and a complex providing accommodation to Ukrainian refugees.

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IMPLEMENTATION OF GRETA'S RECOMMENDATIONS
Round-table on Malta’s progress in combating human trafficking
Round-table on Malta’s progress in combating human trafficking
VALLETTA, 10 OCTOBER 2023

Some 50 representatives of Maltese government agencies and civil society organisations met in Valletta on 10 October 2023 to discuss progress made in the implementation of the Council of Europe Anti-Trafficking Convention, on the basis of the third evaluation report issued by the Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings (GRETA) and the related Committee of the Parties' recommendation.

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Round-table on Malta’s progress in combating human trafficking
Round-table meeting on combating human trafficking in the United Kingdom
LONDON, 12 OCTOBER 2023

Some 70 representatives of government departments, agencies and civil society organisations across the United Kingdom met in London and online on 12 October 2023 to discuss the implementation of the recommendations from the third evaluation report on the UK by the Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings (GRETA) and the related Committee of the Parties' recommendation.

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CAPACITY BUILDING AND CO-OPERATION PROJECTS
Supporting countries in the implementation of the Council of Europe Anti-Trafficking Convention
Supporting countries in the implementation of the Council of Europe Anti-Trafficking Convention

Cooperation projects on “Preventing and Combating Trafficking in Human Beings” have continued being implemented in Bosnia and HerzegovinaNorth Macedonia, Malta,  Serbia, Kosovo* and in the framework of the South programme.

Strengthening the role of the private sector and financial institutions in combatting trafficking in human beings
Strengthening the role of the private sector and financial institutions in combatting trafficking in human beings
SARAJEVO, 11 SEPTEMBER 2023

The Office of the OSCE Special Representative and Co-ordinator for Combating Trafficking in Human Beings and the Council of Europe’s Anti-Trafficking Division organised a regional roundtable in Sarajevo on 7- 8 September 2023, which focused on strengthening the role of the private sector, particularly financial institutions, in preventing and combating human trafficking.
The event brought together some 50 representatives of financial intelligence units, law enforcement agencies, prosecutor’s officers, anti-trafficking coordination bodies, financial and other private sector institutions, financial regulators, trade unions, and academia from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia.

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Strengthening the role of the private sector and financial institutions in combatting trafficking in human beings
Regional simulation-based training on a victim-centred approach in criminal proceedings in human trafficking cases
BAEZA, 25-29 SEPTEMBER 2023

More than 100 participants from 14 countries from the Mediterranean region and beyond took part in a regional simulation-based training, in Baeza, Spain, from 25 to 29 September 2023. Entitled "Towards a victim-centred approach in criminal proceedings”, the training brought together representatives of national anti-trafficking agencies, prosecutors, judges, law enforcement officers, lawyers, social workers, health-care professionals and civil society organisations.
The event was organised by the Council of Europe in the framework of the joint programmes with the European Union, with the support of the North-South Centre of the Council of Europe and in partnership with the International University of Andalusia and the Office of the Spanish Rapporteur on trafficking in human beings.

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NEW PUBLICATIONS AND TOOLS
New website on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings
New website on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings
The new anti-trafficking website of the Council of Europe,  launched in November 2023, is built around three key axes: promoting common standards based on the Council of Europe Anti-Trafficking Convention, evaluating their implementation through monitoring, and developing co-operation activities to assist the putting into practice of monitoring findings and recommendations
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New website on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings
New Study on the Non-Punishment of Victims of Human Trafficking
12 SEPTEMBER 2023

The study, published on 12 September 2023, considers the operationalisation of the non-punishment principle set out in Article 26 of the Council of Europe Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings, following the 2021 judgment of the European Court of Human Rights in the case of V.C.L. and A.N v United Kingdom.
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Upcoming
  • GRETA’s fourth evaluation visit to the Slovak Republic (26 February – 1 March 2024)
  • GRETA’s third evaluation visit to Liechtenstein (5-7 March 2024)
  • GRETA’s 50th plenary meeting (18-22 March 2024)
  • Round-table meetings on the follow-up given to the recommendations made by GRETA and the Committee of the Parties in Armenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Latvia and Portugal
 
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