Question 1.a.

In addition, Paragraph 1 of Section 160 (Sexual Violence) of the CL establishes criminal liability for a person who commits acts of sexual nature for the purpose of sexual gratification in physical contact with the body of the victim, if such acts have been committed taking advantage of the state of helplessness of a victim or against the will of the victim by means of violence, threats or using trust, authority or exerting other influence over the victim. The applicable punishment is the deprivation of liberty for a period of up to seven years and with probationary supervision for a period of up to five years.

Section 160, Paragraph 2 of the CL law establishes criminal liability for a person who commits anal or oral act or sexual gratification in an unnatural way which is related to vaginal, anal or oral penetration of the body of the victim, if such acts have been committed taking advantage of the state of helplessness of a victim or against the will of the victim by means of violence, threats or using trust, authority or exerting other influence over the victim. The applicable punishment is the deprivation of liberty for a period of four and up to ten years and with probationary supervision for a period of up to five years.

Section 160, Paragraph 3 of the CL establishes criminal liability for a person who commits the criminal offence provided for in Paragraph 1 of this Section, if it has been committed by a group of persons or on a minor. The applicable punishment is the deprivation of liberty for a period of three and up to twelve years, with probationary supervision for a period of up to five years.

Section 160, Paragraph 4 of the CL establishes criminal liability for a person who commits the criminal offence provided for in Paragraph 1 of this Section, if serious consequences have been caused thereby or if it has been committed on a person who has not attained the age of sixteen years. The applicable punishment is the deprivation of liberty for a period of five years and up to fifteen years and with probationary supervision for a period of up to five years.

Section 160, Paragraph 5 of the CL establishes criminal liability for a person who commits the criminal offence provided for in Paragraph 2 of this Section, if it has been committed by a group of persons or on a minor. The applicable punishment is life imprisonment or deprivation of liberty for a period of five years and up to twenty years and with probationary supervision for a period of up to five years.

Section 160, Paragraph 6 of the CL establishes criminal liability for a person who commits the criminal offence provided for in Paragraph 2 of this Section, if serious consequences have been caused thereby or if it has been committed on a person who has not attained the age of sixteen years. The applicable punishment is life imprisonment or deprivation of liberty for a period of ten years and up to twenty years and with probationary supervision for a period of up to five years.

In addition, Section 162, Paragraph 1 (Leading to Depravity) of the CL establishes criminal liability for a person who commits leading to depravity of a person who has not attained the age of sixteen years or who is in the state of helplessness, that is, for a person who commits acts of sexual nature without physical contact with the body of the victim for the purpose of sexual gratification or to rouse sexual instinct in the victim, if such act has been committed by a person who has attained the age of majority or it has been committed taking advantage of the state of helplessness of the victim or against the will of the victim by means of violence, threats or using trust, authority or exerting other influence over the victim. The applicable punishment is the deprivation of liberty for a period of up to five years or temporary deprivation of liberty, or probationary supervision.

According to Section 162, Paragraph 2 of the CL a person who commits the criminal offence provided for in Paragraph 1 of this Section, if it has caused serious consequences, or it has been committed against an underaged person will be held criminally liable. The applicable punishment is the deprivation of liberty for a period of up to seven years and with probationary supervision for a period of up to five years.