Russian Federation, as of January 1st, 2016

Official exchange rate of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation :

1 USD = 64.84 roubles

1 EURO =73 .74 roubles

Basic principles

In general there is no special scheme of social security for self-employed persons. In the Russian legislation the term “self-employed” is not even used. There are some specific provisions governing social insurance of certain separate categories of economically active population that can be considered as self-employed. (“individual entrepreneurs”, advocates, notaries public, private detectives, “creative persons”, "farmers" etc.).

These provision are (on January 1, 2016) to be found with regard to the aspect of financing   in the Federal Law of July 24, 2009 No. 212-FZ “On Insurance Contributions to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation, Federal Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund and Local Compulsory Medical Insurance Funds” came in force, regulating  the calculation and payment of insurance payments to non-budgetary funds, including those to be paid by "self-employed persons"; and with regard to the specific rules in relation to the benefits

(i.e. the system of compulsory social insurance in case of temporary disability and maternity; the definition of beneficiaries and categories of persons subject to compulsory social insurance in case of temporary disability and maternity; the types of compulsory social insurance coverage provided, the rights and obligations of insurance parties in case of temporary disability and maternity conditions, the amounts and the procedure of provision of benefits in case of temporary disability and maternity, the monthly benefits for the care of child for the citizens subject to compulsory social insurance in case of temporary disability and maternity) in the Federal Law of December 29, 2006 No. 255-FZ “On Compulsory Social Insurance in Case of Temporary Disability and Maternity”.

Financing

“Self-employed persons” do not pay contributions to the Fund of Social Insurance of the Russian Federation. They can enter relationships of compulsory social insurance in case of temporary disability and maternity on voluntary basis. The order of voluntary payments of insurance contributions for compulsory social insurance as in case of temporary disability and maternity to the Fund of Social Insurance of the Russian Federation for “self-employed persons” was established by the Rules of Voluntary Payment of Insurance Contributions for Compulsory Social Insurance in Case of Temporary Disability and Maternity to the Fund of Social Insurance of the Russian Federation for Certain Categories of Citizens, governed  by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 05.03.2003 No 144 “On the Order of Voluntary Payment of Insurance Contributions for Compulsory Social Insurance  in Case of Temporary Disability and Maternity to the Fund of Social Insurance of the Russian Federation for Certain Categories of insurers”.

"Self-employed persons" entering legal relationships of compulsory social insurancein case of temporary disability and maternity on a voluntary basis, pay insurance contributions to the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation for themselves, basing on the cost of the insurance year.

The cost  of the insurance year is determined as the product of the minimal amount of wages established by the federal law at the beginning of financial year for which insurance contributions are paid, and the rates of insurance contributions increased by 12 times.

From January 1, 2012 the rate of insurance contributions was decreased to 30% of the payroll (22% to the Pension Fund, 2.9% to the Social Insurance Fund, 5.1 % to the Federal Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund). In 2016 the rates of insurance contributions were retained on the same level.

Health Care

No special provisions (see Tables, Chapter II).

Sickness and Maternity Benefits

Self-employed persons having entered on a voluntary basis relationshipsof compulsory social insurancein case of temporary disability and maternity, acquire the right to receive insurance coverage subject to the payment of insurance contributions, provided they have paid in full the insurance contributions (based on the cost of an insurance year), for the calendar year preceding the calendar year in which the insured event occurs.

From January 1st, 2007 maternity benefits and child care allowance are paid to all women regardless whether they have worked or not before the maternity leave.

See Table, Chapter IV.

Invalidity

No special provisions. Self-employed are covered by the State Invalidity Pension scheme (social pension) if they do not possess the right for a Labour Invalidity Pension (see Tables. Chapter V. Invalidity).

Old-Age

No special provisions. Self-employed covered by the State Old Age Pension scheme if they do not possess the right for a Labour Old Age Pension (see Tables, Chapter VI. Old Age).

Survivors

No special provisions (See Tables, Chapter VII. Survivors)

Employment injuries and occupational diseases

“Self-employed persons” do not pay contributions for themselves to the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation. They cannot enter the social insurance scheme for employment injuries and occupation diseases on a voluntary basis.

Family benefits

No special provisions (see Tables, Chapter IX. Family Benefits).

Unemployment

No special provisions (see Tables, Chapter X. Unemployment).